Artikler

Indhold : Nr. 3 : Årgang 8 : 2005

 

Tema

Bremsen og speederen: Nationale forbehold og forstærket samarbejde i EU

af Rebecca Adler-Nissen

Stabilitets- og Vækstpagten: Når selvstændige stater forhandler i EU

af Anna de Klauman

Conceptualising Slovakia's Hungarians

af Jakob Skovgaard

 

Artikler

Theory of International Politics - 25 år efter:

En kort introduktin til neorealismen

af Anders Wivel

"A Few Big and Important Things": The Enduring legacy of Kenneth Waltz

af Stephen M. Walt

Neorealisme, Waltz og unipolaritet

af Brthe Hansen

Jo flere jo bedre: Kernevåben og Waltz

af Bertel Heurlin

Indenrigspolitik, ideer og etik: Tre udfordringer til neorealistisk udenrigspolitisk analyse

af Anders Wivel

Konklusion: En fremtid for neorealismen

af Anders Wivel

 

Fra Protest til indflydelse: Organisatoriske forskelle mellem Fremskridtspartiet og Dansk Folkeparti

af Karina Pedersen og Jens Ringsmose

People Are Strange

af Anders Hellström

 

Bøger

Reviewessay af Vibeke Schou Tjalve 

Kan du huske legen fra barn? ”Jeg er fra Valby, København, Sjælland, Danmark, Europa, Verden”. I remsen kommer kontinent oftest efter land, da både kontinent og land nemt kan afgrænses. Vi lærer fra barnsben, at vi hører til et nationalt fællesskab i et velafgrænset land. Der har vi hjemme. I geografi lærer vi, at Europa er et af verdens syv velafgrænsede kontinenter. Men der er noget imellem land og kontinent. Noget der er langt sværere at afgrænse nominelt. Det er regionen.

 

Danmark og Sverige har en lang fælles historie - også før området blev til Danmark og Sverige. I disse år rykker vi endnu tættere på hinanden. Også på universitetsniveau. Det skaber et større opland for danske og svenske forskere og studerende. Det inspirerer, skaber mere konkurrence og forhåbentlig dygtigere studerende. Men døm selv. Som tema bringer vi i dette nummer de tre bedste artikler fra ’Samfundsvidenskabelige Studerendes Konference 2005’, afholdt i april på Roskilde Universitetscenter med deltagelse af kandidat- og ph.d. studerende fra universiteter i Danmark og Sverige.

 

Nummeret er delfinansieret af Den Europæiske Fond for Regionaludvikling INTERREG IIIA Öresundsregionen

 

Abstracts:

 

Bremsen og speederen: Nationale forbehold og forstærket samarbejde i EU

Rebecca Adler-Nissen, Ph.D.- student, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University

 

Opt-outs and enhanced cooperation both contribute to making an ever larger and more differentiated EU stick together. By permitting reluctant member states to hit the brake (opt out) and allowing groups of eager member states to push the speeder (enhanced co-operation), the European Union has found a pragmatic road to unity despite EU-scepticism and disagreement between member states over the role of the EU. This frail equilibrium may be hard to maintain in the future if differences between economic visions for the EU cause new discords in the community.

 

 

Stabilitets- og Vækstpagten: Når selvstændige stater forhandler i EU

Anna de Klauman, Cand.scient.pol, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University

 

This article answers two questions about the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP). Firstly, why did Germany and France voluntarily commit to a set of supranational fiscal rules? Secondly, why did the two countries violate the rules that they themselves had agreed to in the first place? Drawing on a theoretical framework of political transactions cost theory, the article agues that the German and French governments both agreed to the SGP because the political transactions cost of agreeing to a set of rules were smaller than the costs of rejecting the Pact. When the SGP came into force, the context changed and therefore the political transactions costs of adhering to the rules increased.

 

 

Conceptualising Slovakia’s Hungarians

Jakob Skovgaard, Ph.D. - student, European University Institute

 

The situation of the sizeable Hungarian minority in Slovakia attracted much international criticism from the Council of Europe, the EU and the OSCE during the reign of Vladimir Meciar (1993-1998). These criticisms interpreted contested concepts regarding the treatment of national minorities in specific and sometimes differing ways. One major difference is whether national minorities are framed in terms of security or justice. These interpretations were only authoritative because the organisations had the symbolic power to interpret the various texts on national minority protection.

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Theory of International Politics – 25 år efter<o:p></o:p>

edited by Birthe Hansen, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University and

Anders Wivel, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University

 

contributions by Birthe Hansen, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University, Bertel Heurlin, Professor Emeritus, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University, Stephen M. Walt, Professor and Academic Dean, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Anders Wivel, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University,.

 

For more than 25 years Theory of International Politics by Kenneth N. Waltz has inspired and provoked students of international relations and even today the book remains the most consistent formulation of neorealist theory. The symposium explores the reasons for the continued influence of Waltz’s book and discusses the current status of neorealism in the realist tradition. It outlines the general logic of neorealist theory and analyses the neorealist position on unipolarity, nuclear weapons and the study of foreign policy. The authors discuss what the theory tells us about international relations today and identify a number of challenges to the theory.

 

 

Fra Protest til Indflydelse: Organisatoriske forskelle mellem Fremskridtspartiet og Dansk Folkeparti

Karina Pedersen, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Copenhagen University and Jens Ringsmose, Ph.d.-student Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense.

 

Most analyses of the organizational structure of populist right wing parties focus on the effects of incumbency on the organizational set-up of these parties. The conventional wisdom in this research area is that incumbency and enhanced parliamentary influence is followed by organizational changes, leading to greater centralization and firmer party discipline. Employing The Danish Progress Party and The Danish Peoples Party as cases, we argue that organizational change sometimes takes place prior to incumbency. In this perspective, organizational change might be the consequence of aspirations to incumbency rather than actual government participation. The Danish case lends support to this hypothesis.

 

People are strange

Anders Hellström, Ph.d. student, Department of Political Science, Lund University.

 

The article argues that the stranger and strangeness is immanent in the construction of selves and others and suggests that a critical examination of how whole groups of people come to be categorised as strangers, may bring some understanding of how ruptures between friends and foes are reproduced. The objects of analysis consist of two local newspapers in the Czech Republic and Austria.

 

 

Prætorianere på march

Ali Alfoneh, Cand.scient.pol., Research Fellow at the Copenhagen Middle East Research

 

Governed by an alliance between the Shiite clergy and the armed revolutionary forces, the Islamic Republic of Iran constitutes an interesting mutant of Samuel P. Huntington’s praetorian state. Experiencing internal pressure for political and economic reforms and external military encirclement by the United States, the Iranian leadership has responded by strengthening the presence of the armed revolutionary forces in the internal politics of the republic. This in turn could change the patterns of civil-military relations in the Islamic Republic and lead to its further degeneration into a Lasswellian Garrison State.